Skálholt church and Episcopal see

Why You Should Visit Skálholt: Iceland’s Original Capital of Culture and Faith

Skálholt

South Region Iceland

Nestled in the serene countryside of southern Iceland, just off the well-traveled Golden Circle route, you’ll find Skálholt, a place steeped in rich history. At first glance, it may seem unassuming, a quiet church, a peaceful farm, and a few remnants of the past. Yet, this site holds a vital significance as a cornerstone of Icelandic culture, education, and religion for centuries. If you have a passion for history, architecture, or simply enjoy incredible stories that shape a nation’s identity, Skálholt will surely touch your heart and leave a lasting impression. It’s a place that invites reflection and appreciation for the journey that has shaped this unique land.

Iceland’s First Power Center

Before Reykjavík became a capital and Iceland had real towns, Skálholt was the center of power. Founded in 1056 as the country’s first Episcopal see, it served as the headquarters of the Church and was essentially Iceland’s capital for hundreds of years.

Back then, the Church wasn’t just about sermons and prayers; it ran schools, held political power, and owned land. Skálholt became the place where big decisions were made, leaders were educated, and Iceland’s direction was shaped. Think of it as the Vatican of Viking-era Iceland.

Two Religious Revolutions—Both Peaceful (Mostly)

Skálholt played a massive role in both of Iceland’s religious transitions. Around the year 1000, Icelanders officially converted to Christianity. The move was surprisingly peaceful and practical, avoiding bloodshed and civil war, which was rare in European history.

Then came the Protestant Reformation in the 1500s. This time, things were a little more intense. Iceland had two bishops—one Catholic in Hólar (north) and one Lutheran in Skálholt (south). The final blow came when the Catholic bishop, Jón Arason, was captured and executed at Skálholt in 1550, along with his sons. After that, Lutheranism became the official religion, and the Church tightened its grip on the country through Skálholt.

A Church That Rose from Ashes—Over and Over

Over the centuries, ten different churches have stood on this same spot. Fires, earthquakes, and time destroyed most of them. The current church, designed by state architect Hörður Bjarnason and completed in 1963, includes beautiful modern art and stained glass. It’s a functioning house of worship and a museum dedicated to Skálholt’s deep past.

You’ll also find the remains of older buildings being excavated nearby, offering a fascinating peek into medieval Icelandic life. The crypt under the church is one of the few in Iceland and includes a replica of Bishop Páll Jónsson's sarcophagus.

Why It’s Worth the Detour

Today, Skálholt is a peaceful blend of farm, museum, and spiritual center. It regularly hosts concerts, lectures, and summer festivals. The surrounding landscape—broad fields, distant mountains, and that clean Icelandic air—adds to the experience. It’s not crowded, making it a great contrast to busier spots like Geysir and Gullfoss, just a short drive away.

Plan an hour or two here if you’re doing the Golden Circle loop or heading through the southern region. Walk the grounds, check out the church interior, learn about the bishops who once shaped Iceland’s future, and take in the quiet power of a place that helped define a nation.

Travel Tips:

Getting there: Skálholt is about 90 minutes from Reykjavík by car, just off Route 35.

Nearby stops: Combine it with visits to Þingvellir, Geysir, and Gullfoss.

What to bring: Warm layers (even in summer), good walking shoes, and curiosity.

When to go: Summer offers cultural festivals and better weather, but it’s open year-round.

If you're planning to tour Iceland in a rental car, read this article about the type of car that would be best for your trip.

Location of Skálholt on the map of Iceland